The attenuated African swine fever vaccine HLJ/18-7GD provides protection against emerging prevalent genotype II variants in China.

IF 8.4 2区医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY

Emerging Microbes & Infections Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-22 DOI:10.1080/22221751.2023.2300464

Zilong Wang, Jiwen Zhang, Fang Li, Zhenjiang Zhang, Weiye Chen, Xianfeng Zhang, Encheng Sun, Yuanmao Zhu, Renqiang Liu, Xijun He, Zhigao Bu, Dongming Zhao

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Genetic changes have occurred in the genomes of prevalent African swine fever viruses (ASFVs) in the field in China, which may change their antigenic properties and result in immune escape. There is usually poor cross-protection between heterogonous isolates, and, therefore, it is important to test the cross-protection of the live attenuated ASFV vaccines against current prevalent heterogonous isolates. In this study, we evaluated the protective efficacy of the ASFV vaccine candidate HLJ/18-7GD against emerging isolates. HLJ/18-7GD provided protection against a highly virulent variant and a lower lethal isolate, both derived from genotype II Georgia07-like ASFV and isolated in 2020. HLJ/18-7GD vaccination prevented pigs from developing ASF-specific clinical signs and death, decreased viral shedding via the oral and rectal routes, and suppressed viral replication after challenges. However, HLJ/18-7GD vaccination did not provide solid cross-protection against genotype I NH/P68-like ASFV challenge in pigs. HLJ/18-7GD vaccination thus shows great promise as an alternative strategy for preventing and controlling genotype II ASFVs, but vaccines providing cross-protection against different ASFV genotypes may be needed in China.

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非洲猪瘟减毒疫苗HLJ/18-7GD对中国新出现的流行基因型II变种具有保护作用。

中国野外流行的非洲猪瘟病毒（ASFV）基因组发生了遗传变化，这可能会改变其抗原特性并导致免疫逃逸。异源分离株之间的交叉保护通常较差，因此，检测减毒活疫苗对当前流行的异源分离株的交叉保护非常重要。在本研究中，我们评估了 ASFV 候选疫苗 HLJ/18-7GD 对新出现的分离株的保护效力。HLJ/18-7GD 对一种高毒力变异株和一种低致死率分离株具有保护作用，这两种变异株都来自基因型 II Georgia07-like ASFV 并在 2020 年分离出来。接种 HLJ/18-7GD 疫苗可防止猪出现 ASF 特异性临床症状和死亡，减少经口腔和直肠途径的病毒脱落，并抑制挑战后的病毒复制。然而，接种 HLJ/18-7GD 疫苗并不能为猪提供针对基因型 I NH/P68 类 ASFV 挑战的可靠交叉保护。因此，接种HLJ/18-7GD疫苗作为预防和控制基因型II ASFV的替代策略前景广阔，但中国可能需要针对不同ASFV基因型提供交叉保护的疫苗。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Emerging Microbes & Infections IMMUNOLOGY-MICROBIOLOGY

CiteScore

26.20

自引率

2.30%

发文量

276

审稿时长

20 weeks

期刊介绍： Emerging Microbes & Infections is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal dedicated to publishing research at the intersection of emerging immunology and microbiology viruses. The journal's mission is to share information on microbes and infections, particularly those gaining significance in both biological and clinical realms due to increased pathogenic frequency. Emerging Microbes & Infections is committed to bridging the scientific gap between developed and developing countries. This journal addresses topics of critical biological and clinical importance, including but not limited to: - Epidemic surveillance - Clinical manifestations - Diagnosis and management - Cellular and molecular pathogenesis - Innate and acquired immune responses between emerging microbes and their hosts - Drug discovery - Vaccine development research Emerging Microbes & Infections invites submissions of original research articles, review articles, letters, and commentaries, fostering a platform for the dissemination of impactful research in the field.