New keratose sponges after the end-Permian extinction provide insights into biotic recoveries

IF 2.7 2区 地球科学 Q2 BIOLOGY
Geobiology Pub Date : 2023-12-27 DOI:10.1111/gbi.12582
Siqi Wu, Joachim Reitner, David A. T. Harper, Jianxin Yu, Zhong-Qiang Chen
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Abstract

We challenge the prevailing view that the end-Permian extinction impeded the Triassic evolution of sponges. Here, we report a deep-water community dominated by abundant keratose sponges in the lowest Triassic strata from Southwest China. The sponge fossils occur as dark elliptical imprints in mudstone with distinct oscula on their tops. The structure of preserved fibers suggests closest affinity with the extant Dictyoceratida, an aspiculate demosponge. The exceptional preservation plays a crucial role in retaining their exquisite structures. Sedimentary, taphonomic, pyrite framboid, and trace elemental analyses indicate that the sponges proliferated in an oxygen-poor habitat, demonstrating the high tolerance of sponges to severe conditions. Sponge proliferation is a signal of environmental upheaval but they also stabilized the ecosystem, driving the first phase of biotic recovery after the end-Permian extinction.

二叠纪末期大灭绝后的新角质海绵为生物恢复提供了启示
我们对普遍认为二叠纪末期的大灭绝阻碍了三叠纪海绵演化的观点提出了质疑。在这里,我们报告了中国西南三叠纪最低层地层中以大量角质海绵为主的深水群落。海绵化石以深色椭圆形印迹出现在泥岩中,顶部有明显的振荡器。保存下来的纤维结构表明,它们与现生的棘下海绵(Dictyoceratida)最为接近。特殊的保存方式对保留其精美的结构起到了至关重要的作用。沉积学、岩石学、黄铁矿框架和微量元素分析表明,海绵是在缺氧的生境中增殖的,这表明海绵对恶劣条件具有很强的耐受性。海绵增殖是环境动荡的信号,但它们也稳定了生态系统,推动了二叠纪末生物大灭绝后的第一阶段生物恢复。
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来源期刊
Geobiology
Geobiology 生物-地球科学综合
CiteScore
6.80
自引率
5.40%
发文量
56
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: The field of geobiology explores the relationship between life and the Earth''s physical and chemical environment. Geobiology, launched in 2003, aims to provide a natural home for geobiological research, allowing the cross-fertilization of critical ideas, and promoting cooperation and advancement in this emerging field. We also aim to provide you with a forum for the rapid publication of your results in an international journal of high standing. We are particularly interested in papers crossing disciplines and containing both geological and biological elements, emphasizing the co-evolutionary interactions between life and its physical environment over geological time. Geobiology invites submission of high-quality articles in the following areas: Origins and evolution of life Co-evolution of the atmosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere The sedimentary rock record and geobiology of critical intervals Paleobiology and evolutionary ecology Biogeochemistry and global elemental cycles Microbe-mineral interactions Biomarkers Molecular ecology and phylogenetics.
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