An implantable ISM band antenna for biomedical application

IF 0.8 4区工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Frequenz Pub Date : 2023-12-20 DOI:10.1515/freq-2023-0207

Moumita Bose, Ashim Kumar Biswas, Abhishek Sarkhel, Aparna Kundu, Ujjal Chakraborty

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This article presents a compact implantable antenna for biomedical use in the ISM band (2.4–2.48 GHz). The antenna is designed with Roger RT/duroid 6010.2LM high permittivity substrate of thickness 0.25 mm, and feed with a 50 Ω co-axial feed. A hybrid-loop resonator slot structure and C & I-shaped slots in the radiating patch has enabled the antenna to work in the ISM band. Via less ground makes this design simple, easier to fabricate, and a suitable candidate for implantable application. The proposed antenna occupies a small volume of 0.0984 λ 0 × 0.082 λ 0 × 0.00468 λ 0 and retained 152 MHz bandwidth (2.4077–2.5599 GHz with FBW 7.64 %) with a maximum gain of −22 dBi where λ 0 is guided wavelength. The projected antenna has good performance in the multi-layer tissue model, male human head voxel model, frequency-dependent skin model, and in muscle phantom by maintaining a minimum −20 dB return-loss in the ISM band. The proposed antenna’s Device Integration using a frequency-dependent skin phantom was performed and the results are well-suited for biomedical applications in the ISM band. The bare antenna was used to study the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) in the human scalp. Where for 1 g and 10 g tissues the investigated results are 626.05 W/kg and 84.4 W/kg for an input power of 1 W, however the input power is limited to maximum 2.55 mW (for 1 g tissue) and 23.56 mW (for 10 g tissue) to comply with IEEE SAR guidelines. The qualities of the manufactured antenna are verified in a skin-imitating gel and animal tissue that exhibits good agreement with the simulation outcomes.

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用于生物医学应用的植入式 ISM 波段天线

本文介绍了一种用于 ISM 波段（2.4-2.48 GHz）生物医学的紧凑型植入式天线。该天线采用厚度为 0.25 毫米的 Roger RT/duroid 6010.2LM 高介电常数基板设计，馈电采用 50 Ω 同轴馈电。辐射贴片上的混合环谐振器槽结构和 C & I 形槽使天线能够在 ISM 波段工作。通过较少的接地使该设计简单、易于制造，适合植入式应用。该天线体积小，仅为 0.0984 λ 0 × 0.082 λ 0 × 0.00468 λ 0，带宽为 152 MHz（2.4077-2.5599 GHz，FBW 7.64 %），最大增益为 -22 dBi（λ 0 为导向波长）。投射天线在多层组织模型、男性人体头部体素模型、频率依赖性皮肤模型和肌肉模型中都具有良好的性能，在 ISM 波段中保持了最小 -20 dB 的回波损耗。使用频率依赖性皮肤模型对拟议天线进行了设备集成，结果非常适合 ISM 波段的生物医学应用。裸天线用于研究人体头皮的比吸收率（SAR）。输入功率为 1 W 时，1 g 和 10 g 组织的研究结果分别为 626.05 W/kg 和 84.4 W/kg，但输入功率最大限制为 2.55 mW（1 g 组织）和 23.56 mW（10 g 组织），以符合 IEEE SAR 准则。在仿皮凝胶和动物组织中对制造的天线质量进行了验证，结果与模拟结果十分吻合。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Frequenz 工程技术-工程：电子与电气

CiteScore

2.40

自引率

18.20%

发文量

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Frequenz is one of the leading scientific and technological journals covering all aspects of RF-, Microwave-, and THz-Engineering. It is a peer-reviewed, bi-monthly published journal. Frequenz was first published in 1947 with a circulation of 7000 copies, focusing on telecommunications. Today, the major objective of Frequenz is to highlight current research activities and development efforts in RF-, Microwave-, and THz-Engineering throughout a wide frequency spectrum ranging from radio via microwave up to THz frequencies. RF-, Microwave-, and THz-Engineering is a very active area of Research & Development as well as of Applications in a wide variety of fields. It has been the key to enabling technologies responsible for phenomenal growth of satellite broadcasting, wireless communications, satellite and terrestrial mobile communications and navigation, high-speed THz communication systems. It will open up new technologies in communications, radar, remote sensing and imaging, in identification and localization as well as in sensors, e.g. for wireless industrial process and environmental monitoring as well as for biomedical sensing.