Review on current race for Covid-19 diagnosis

Abstract

The enduringsevere acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) global health has led to a huge market to design affordable point-of-care (PoC) examination tools and skilled laboratory procedures for its recognition. Most of the available tests for early discovery of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acids are built on the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR); however, isothermal nucleic acid amplification tests, comprising amplification based on transcription and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-based methods, may act as favourable substitutes to the RT-PCR ideal assay. RT-PCR is an appropriate quantitative assay which requires skilled labour, sophisticated instrumentation, but time consuming. Therefore, cannot be deployed immediately in distant and asset-limited areas. A few more serological tests like rapid antigen tests, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in addition lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA), may as well be helpful in certain large sample settings however each have their own technical limitations. Thus, taking view of the present scenario; for fast, subtle, highly accurate and cost-effective detection of Covid-19, progressive nano-based biosensors can be alternative tools to control of this pandemic of the upcoming one also. In this comprehensive review, we have presented a wide investigational description of currently available covid-19 diagnostics assays, with a detailed idea about nano-biosensors-based detection approaches. This review paper also highlighted the assets and liabilities of prevailing technologies as well as approaches to further optimising the rapid and efficient diagnostics of Covid-19.