Influences of Faith on Rural Appalachian Older Adult Health: An Ethnonursing Study

Abstract

Rural Appalachian older adults (RAOAs) constitute a vulnerable population and experience significant health disparities. The combination of age, poverty, rural residence, health care provider shortages, and limited transportation increases risks for poor health outcomes. Spirituality enhances older adult health; however, little is known about spirituality–health linkages of RAOAs. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to discover the influences of spirituality on RAOA health. Culture Care Theory and ethnonursing method guided analysis of 32 RAOA interviews in community settings in East Tennessee. “Faith” is an integral component of RAOA culture and health. Three themes were extrapolated: (a) Relationship with God is personal; (b) faith beliefs and practices influence health, illness, death, and dying; and [the need to] (c) “Open the door” for spiritual care. Faith assessment and spiritual care recommendations contribute to culturally congruent care for RAOAs and may be transferable to care for other older adults.