Shoulder Injuries and Instability in the Female Athlete

Abstract

Female participation in sports, particularly contact sports, increases on a yearly basis, and injuries have become more prevalent with this trend. Despite this, there is a lack of research surrounding interrelated sex-based differences. Societal influences, fewer regulations, varying perceptions, and anatomic and physiological components contribute to an increased susceptibility to injury and potentially worse outcomes compared to male athletes. This chapter highlights various sex-based considerations and describes the most common shoulder injuries in female athletes.