Pathogens in Crohn’s Disease: the role of Adherent Invasive Escherichia Coli

IF 1.5 4区医学 Q4 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

Critical Reviews in Eukaryotic Gene Expression Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI:10.1615/critreveukaryotgeneexpr.2023050088

Gaetano Iaquinto, Vera Rotondi Aufiero, Giuseppe Mazzarella, Angela Lucariello, Luigi Panico, Raffaele Melina, Salvatore Iaquinto, Antonio De Luca, Carmine Sellitto

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Abstract

In Crohn’s disease (CD) gut dysbiosis is marked by the prevalence of pathogenic bacterial species. Although several microbes have been reported as risk factors or causative agents of CD, it is not yet clear which is the real trigger of the disease. Thirty years ago, a new pathovar of Escherichia Coli (E. coli) strain was isolated in the ileal mucosa of CD patients. This strain, called Adherent Invasive E. coli (AIEC), for its ability to invade the intestinal mucosa, could represent the causative agent of the disease. Several authors studied the mechanisms by which the AIEC penetrate and replicate within mac-rophages, and release inflammatory cytokines sustaining inflammation. In this review we will discuss about the role of AIEC in the pathogenesis of CD, the virulence factors mediating adhesion and invasion of AIEC in mucosal tissue, the environmental conditions improving AIEC survival and replication within macrophages. Finally, we will also give an overview of the new strategies developed to limit AIEC overgrowth.

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克罗恩病的病原体:粘附性侵袭性大肠杆菌的作用

在克罗恩病(CD)肠道失调的特点是流行的致病菌种类。虽然有几种微生物被报道为乳糜泻的危险因素或病原体，但尚不清楚哪一种是乳糜泻的真正诱因。30年前，在乳糜泻患者的回肠黏膜中分离到了一种新的病原菌大肠杆菌。这种菌株被称为附着性侵袭性大肠杆菌(AIEC)，因为它能够侵入肠道粘膜，可能是这种疾病的病原体。几位作者研究了AIEC在巨噬细胞内渗透和复制，并释放炎症细胞因子维持炎症的机制。本文就AIEC在CD发病中的作用、介导AIEC在粘膜组织粘附和侵袭的毒力因子、促进AIEC在巨噬细胞内存活和复制的环境条件等方面进行综述。最后，我们还将概述为限制AIEC过度生长而制定的新策略。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Critical Reviews in Eukaryotic Gene Expression 生物-生物工程与应用微生物

CiteScore

2.70

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Critical ReviewsTM in Eukaryotic Gene Expression presents timely concepts and experimental approaches that are contributing to rapid advances in our mechanistic understanding of gene regulation, organization, and structure within the contexts of biological control and the diagnosis/treatment of disease. The journal provides in-depth critical reviews, on well-defined topics of immediate interest, written by recognized specialists in the field. Extensive literature citations provide a comprehensive information resource. Reviews are developed from an historical perspective and suggest directions that can be anticipated. Strengths as well as limitations of methodologies and experimental strategies are considered.