Genetic and morphological differentiation within Euphorbia japygica (Euphorbiaceae) suggests divergence of populations from the south-eastern Apennine Peninsula

IF 2.3 2区 生物学 Q2 PLANT SCIENCES
Micol Boschin, Peter Schönswetter, Božo Frajman
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Abstract

The Mediterranean Basin is a hotspot of animal and plant diversity. Contrary to the Balkan and Iberian Peninsulas that were subject of many phylogeographic studies in past decades, the Apennine Peninsula and, in particular, the diversification of its flora has been neglected in contemporary phylogenetic studies. The few available studies showed a complex pattern of north–south differentiation of genetic diversity in Italy, both among the Alps, the Apuan Alps, and the Apennines, as well as within the Apennines. Here, we explore phylogeographic patterns within recently described Euphorbia adriatica, distributed in the central and northern Apennine Peninsula, the southern margin of the Eastern Alps and the north-western Balkan Peninsula, and its relationship to the southern Italian E. japygica. Our integrative approach using nuclear ITS sequences, amplified fragment length polymorphisms, relative genome size estimation combined with chromosome counting, as well as multivariate morphometrics inferred a weak genetic differentiation that only partly corresponds to the morphological differentiation. Whereas all southern populations have hairy capsules characteristic for E. japygica, only those in south-eastern Italy (Puglia and Basilicata) are genetically divergent. There are, however, additional morphological characters that differentiate them from other populations. Our data are thus in favour of recognizing a single species, E. japygica, which includes E. adriatica that should be treated as a subspecies. We provide a revised taxonomic treatment for E. japygica, including the typification. Our study shows the necessity of further in-depth investigations of diversification of Italian biota.
大戟科大戟内的遗传和形态分化提示亚平宁半岛东南部的种群分化
地中海盆地是动植物多样性的热点地区。巴尔干半岛和伊比利亚半岛是过去几十年许多系统地理学研究的主题,与此相反,亚平宁半岛,特别是其植物群的多样化,在当代系统地理学研究中被忽视了。现有的少数研究表明,意大利的遗传多样性在阿尔卑斯山脉、阿普安阿尔卑斯山脉和亚平宁山脉之间以及亚平宁山脉内部存在复杂的南北分化模式。本文研究了亚平宁半岛中部和北部、东阿尔卑斯山南缘和巴尔干半岛西北部分布的亚得里亚海大戟(Euphorbia adriatica)的系统地理模式,以及它与意大利南部大戟的关系。我们使用核ITS序列、扩增片段长度多态性、结合染色体计数的相对基因组大小估计以及多变量形态计量学的综合方法推断出一种微弱的遗传分化,仅部分对应于形态分化。尽管所有南部种群都具有日本蓟特有的毛茸茸的蒴果,但只有意大利东南部的那些(普利亚和巴西利卡塔)具有遗传上的差异。然而,还有一些额外的形态特征将它们与其他种群区分开来。因此,我们的数据有利于识别一个单一的物种,日本蚕豆,其中包括亚得里亚海蚕豆,应该被视为一个亚种。本文提出了一种改良的粳稻分类处理方法,包括分型。我们的研究显示了进一步深入研究意大利生物群多样性的必要性。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.70
自引率
8.30%
发文量
54
审稿时长
3.5 months
期刊介绍: The Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society publishes original papers on systematic and evolutionary botany and comparative studies of both living and fossil plants. Review papers are also welcomed which integrate fields such as cytology, morphogenesis, palynology and phytochemistry into a taxonomic framework. The Journal will only publish new taxa in exceptional circumstances or as part of larger monographic or phylogenetic revisions.
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