Risk factors associated with overweight and obesity in people with severe mental illness in South Asia: cross-sectional study in Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan.

IF 2.4 Q3 NUTRITION & DIETETICS
Journal of Nutritional Science Pub Date : 2023-11-21 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI:10.1017/jns.2023.100
Koralagamage Kavindu Appuhamy, Danielle Podmore, Alex Mitchell, Helal Uddin Ahmed, Mark Ashworth, Jan R Boehnke, Virtu Chongtham, Asiful Haidar Chowdhury, Olga P Garcia, Richard I G Holt, Rumana Huque, Krishna Prasad Muliyala, Eline Klein Onstenk, Sukanya Rajan, David Shiers, Najma Siddiqi, S Manjunatha, Gerardo A Zavala
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Abstract

Obesity is one of the major contributors to the excess mortality seen in people with severe mental illness (SMI) and in low- and middle-income countries people with SMI may be at an even greater risk. In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence of obesity and overweight in people with SMI and investigate the association of obesity and overweight with sociodemographic variables, other physical comorbidities, and health-risk behaviours. This was a multi-country cross-sectional survey study where data were collected from 3989 adults with SMI from three specialist mental health institutions in Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was estimated using Asian BMI thresholds. Multinomial regression models were then used to explore associations between overweight and obesity with various potential determinants. There was a high prevalence of overweight (17·3 %) and obesity (46·2 %). The relative risk of having obesity (compared to normal weight) was double in women (RRR = 2·04) compared with men. Participants who met the WHO recommendations for fruit and vegetable intake had 2·53 (95 % CI: 1·65-3·88) times greater risk of having obesity compared to those not meeting them. Also, the relative risk of having obesity in people with hypertension is 69 % higher than in people without hypertension (RRR = 1·69). In conclusion, obesity is highly prevalent in SMI and associated with chronic disease. The complex relationship between diet and risk of obesity was also highlighted. People with SMI and obesity could benefit from screening for non-communicable diseases, better nutritional education, and context-appropriate lifestyle interventions.

南亚严重精神疾病患者超重和肥胖相关的危险因素:孟加拉国、印度和巴基斯坦的横断面研究
肥胖是严重精神疾病(SMI)患者死亡率过高的主要原因之一,在低收入和中等收入国家,重度精神疾病患者的风险可能更大。在这项研究中,我们旨在确定重度精神障碍患者中肥胖和超重的患病率,并调查肥胖和超重与社会人口统计学变量、其他身体合并症和健康风险行为的关系。这是一项多国横断面调查研究,收集了来自孟加拉国、印度和巴基斯坦三家专业精神卫生机构的3989名重度精神障碍成年人的数据。使用亚洲BMI阈值估计超重和肥胖的患病率。然后使用多项回归模型来探索超重和肥胖与各种潜在决定因素之间的关系。超重(17.3%)和肥胖(46.2%)的发生率较高。女性肥胖的相对风险(与正常体重相比)是男性的两倍(RRR = 2.04)。符合世界卫生组织水果和蔬菜摄入量建议的参与者患肥胖症的风险是不符合建议的参与者的2.53倍(95% CI: 1.65 - 3.88)。高血压患者发生肥胖的相对危险度比无高血压患者高69% (RRR = 1.69)。总之,肥胖在重度精神病人中非常普遍,并且与慢性疾病有关。饮食和肥胖风险之间的复杂关系也得到了强调。重度精神障碍患者和肥胖症患者可以从非传染性疾病筛查、更好的营养教育和适合具体情况的生活方式干预措施中受益。
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来源期刊
Journal of Nutritional Science
Journal of Nutritional Science NUTRITION & DIETETICS-
CiteScore
3.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
91
审稿时长
7 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Nutritional Science is an international, peer-reviewed, online only, open access journal that welcomes high-quality research articles in all aspects of nutrition. The underlying aim of all work should be, as far as possible, to develop nutritional concepts. JNS encompasses the full spectrum of nutritional science including public health nutrition, epidemiology, dietary surveys, nutritional requirements, metabolic studies, body composition, energetics, appetite, obesity, ageing, endocrinology, immunology, neuroscience, microbiology, genetics, molecular and cellular biology and nutrigenomics. JNS welcomes Primary Research Papers, Brief Reports, Review Articles, Systematic Reviews, Workshop Reports, Letters to the Editor and Obituaries.
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