Cover Image, Volume 190, Number 1, March 2022

Abstract

Cover image: RASopathy genes and the role of their encoded proteins in the RAS-MAPK signaling cascades. Cartoon lists the genes implicated in RASopathies and their year of discovery. Genes requiring further clinical delineation and/or functional validation in the context of the RASopathies are shown in red. Milestones linked to these discoveries are also reported. D and R indicate dominant and recessive, respectively. Below the figure of gene discovery timeline, the RAS-MAPK signaling cascade showing the signal flow through the pathway (black arrows), together with the proteins positively (blue) and negatively (red) controlling the cascade, is presented. P and Ub indicate phosphorylation and ubiquitination, respectively. For further explanations see Figure 1 legend from paper by Tartaglia et al. (present issue). Image also shows pictures of some individuals affected by RASopathies.