Addressing Water Scarcity in Samdrupjongkhar Thromde, Bhutan: Feasibility Study and Design of a Sustainable Gravity Water Supply System

Q4 Environmental Science
Vasker Sharma, Phurba Tamang, Rigden Yoezer Tenzin, Dawa Tshering
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Abstract

Abstract The provision of a reliable water-supply system is essential for the development and well-being of urban communities. Samdrupjongkhar Thromde, located in Bhutan, has been facing water supply challenges despite the presence of a water treatment plant. The non-perennial nature of the current water source coupled with malfunctions in water pumps has led to acute water shortages in the municipality. To address this issue, this study carried out a feasibility investigation and designed a gravity water supply system by conducting an EPANET (Environment Protection Agency Network Evaluation Tool) analysis. The study involved field visits to identify potential water sources, and a topo-graphic survey using RTK (Real Time Kinematics) technology to determine the optimal pipeline route. The EPANET analysis was then conducted to evaluate the hydraulic performance of the initial route. Based on these findings, a final water pipeline route was selected considering factors such as terrain characteristics, construction feasibility, avoidance of negative water pressure, and minimum encroachment of private land. The results showed that the maximum pressure head within the pipeline system reached 296 m with a maximum water flow velocity of 5 m/s. However, at the outlet, the pressure head decreased to 70 m and the velocity decreased to 2 m/s. Two Break Pressure Tanks (BPT) were strategically placed to achieve this pressure reduction. The chosen pipe materials and their placement ensure the long-term reliability and functionality of the water supply system, while considering maintenance convenience and terrain characteristics.
解决不丹Samdrupjongkhar血栓缺水问题:可持续重力供水系统的可行性研究和设计
提供可靠的供水系统对城市社区的发展和福祉至关重要。位于不丹的Samdrupjongkhar Thromde尽管有一个水处理厂,但一直面临着供水方面的挑战。目前水源的非多年性加上水泵的故障导致了该市严重的水资源短缺。为了解决这一问题,本研究进行了可行性调查,并通过EPANET(环境保护机构网络评估工具)分析设计了重力供水系统。该研究包括实地考察,以确定潜在的水源,并使用RTK(实时运动学)技术进行地形调查,以确定最佳管道路线。然后进行EPANET分析,以评估初始路线的水力性能。在此基础上,综合考虑地形特征、建设可行性、避免负水压、减少对私有土地的侵占等因素,选择了最终的输水管道路线。结果表明:管道系统内最大压头达到296 m,最大水流速度为5 m/s;而在出口,压头降至70 m,流速降至2 m/s。两个破裂压力罐(BPT)被战略性地放置以实现这种压力降低。所选择的管道材料及其放置确保了供水系统的长期可靠性和功能性,同时考虑了维护便利性和地形特征。
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来源期刊
Archives of Hydroengineering and Environmental Mechanics
Archives of Hydroengineering and Environmental Mechanics Environmental Science-Water Science and Technology
CiteScore
1.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
4
期刊介绍: Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics cover the broad area of disciplines related to hydro-engineering, including: hydrodynamics and hydraulics of inlands and sea waters, hydrology, hydroelasticity, ground-water hydraulics, water contamination, coastal engineering, geotechnical engineering, geomechanics, structural mechanics, etc. The main objective of Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics is to provide an up-to-date reference to the engineers and scientists engaged in the applications of mechanics to the analysis of various phenomena appearing in the natural environment.
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