Identifying Factors Contributing to Under-Five Mortality in Nigeria

Olateju Alao Bamigbala, Ayodeji Oluwatobi Ojetunde
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Abstract

The under-5 mortality rate (U5MR) is the probability that a child born in a specified year will die before turning 5 years of age. U5MR is still high in Nigeria. Therefore, this study aimed to identify factors contributing to under-5 mortality in Nigeria. The data used in this study were from the 2018 NDHS, encompassing 2013–2018. The methods of analysis used for this study were frequency, percentage, and Zero Inflated Negative Binomial (ZINB) regression. Data were analyzed using R programming v.4.1.2 and p < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. The result showed 35.4% under-5 mortality out of the 33,924 infant mortality sample data that were collected. The findings revealed maternal age, regions (North East and North West), maternal education (no education), wealth index (poorest households), and size of child at birth (very small birth size) as significant factors associated with under-5 mortality in Nigeria. The results also showed that the odds of under-5 mortality increase as the age of the mother increases. Therefore, the Nigerian government should understand that poverty is not just an economic problem but also a significant factor in health; as a result, the battle against poverty needs to receive the necessary attention.
确定导致尼日利亚五岁以下儿童死亡的因素
5岁以下儿童死亡率(U5MR)是指在特定年份出生的儿童在5岁之前死亡的概率。尼日利亚的5岁以下儿童死亡率仍然很高。因此,本研究旨在确定导致尼日利亚5岁以下儿童死亡的因素。本研究中使用的数据来自2018年国家人口健康调查,涵盖2013-2018年。本研究的分析方法为频率、百分比和零膨胀负二项回归(ZINB)。数据分析使用R编程v.4.1.2和p <0.05被认为具有统计学意义。结果显示,在收集的33,924个婴儿死亡率样本数据中,5岁以下死亡率为35.4%。调查结果显示,产妇年龄、地区(东北部和西北部)、产妇受教育程度(未受教育)、财富指数(最贫困家庭)和出生时儿童规模(出生规模很小)是与尼日利亚5岁以下儿童死亡率相关的重要因素。研究结果还显示,5岁以下儿童的死亡率随着母亲年龄的增加而增加。因此,尼日利亚政府应该明白,贫困不仅是一个经济问题,也是影响健康的一个重要因素;因此,消除贫穷的斗争需要得到必要的注意。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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