Synthesis of cellulose nitrates from Miscanthus × giganteus var. KAMIS cellulose obtained under pilot production conditions

IF 0.2 Q4 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
A. A. Korchagin
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Abstract

The work is devoted to the study of a novel national raw material resource Miscanthus × Giganteus var. KAMIS, which is positioned as one of the most promising natural sources for obtaining high-quality cellulose for the purpose of its further chemical functionalisation. A batch of technical cellulose isolated from raw materials under pilot production conditions using the nitric acid method having a cellulose content of 50.2% was characterized by high α-cellulose mass fraction (92.8%) and degree of polymerisation (1200) values. On the basis of the pilot batch of technical cellulose, a sample of cellulose nitrates offering basic functional properties was obtained: mass fraction of nitrogen – 11.18%; viscosity – 48 MPa·s; solubility – 94%. The synthesised sample is characterized by extremely high solubility in acetone, confirming the production of cellulose nitric acid esters, and a high yield of 150%. IR-Fourier spectroscopy was used to identify the main functional groups in the experimental batch of technical cellulose (3384, 2902, 1639, 1428, 1370, 1319, 1161, 700–500 cm-1) and in a sample of cellulose nitrates (1659, 1278, 834, 746, 683 cm-1). Acorresponding affiliation to cellulose and cellulose nitric acid esters was established. The structural and morphological features of the fibres of the experimental batch of technical cellulose and a sample of cellulose nitrates were characterised using scanning electron microscopy. Combined methods of thermogravimetric and differential thermal analyses were used to establish high initial temperature (197 °C) and specific heat of decomposition (6.92 kJ/g) values at the beginning of intensive decomposition. The obtained results substantiate the possibility to chemically functionalise cellulose isolated from a new alternative source into cellulose nitric acid esters with satisfactory functional properties.
中试条件下以芒草KAMIS纤维素为原料合成硝酸盐纤维素
这项工作致力于研究一种新的国家原料资源芒草(Miscanthus × Giganteus var. KAMIS),它被定位为获得高质量纤维素以进一步化学功能化的最有前途的天然来源之一。在中试条件下,用硝酸法从原料中分离出一批纤维素含量为50.2%的技术纤维素,其α-纤维素质量分数(92.8%)和聚合度(1200)值较高。在中试批工艺纤维素的基础上,得到了具有基本功能性能的硝酸纤维素样品:氮质量分数- 11.18%;粘度- 48 MPa·s;溶解度- 94%。合成的样品在丙酮中具有极高的溶解度,证实了纤维素硝酸酯的生产,产率高达150%。红外傅立叶光谱法鉴定了实验批次的技术纤维素(3384、2902、1639、1428、1370、1319、1161、700-500 cm-1)和硝酸盐纤维素(1659、1278、834、746、683 cm-1)中的主要官能团。与纤维素和纤维素硝酸酯建立了相应的隶属关系。用扫描电子显微镜对实验批工艺纤维素和硝酸纤维素样品的纤维结构和形态特征进行了表征。采用热重分析和差热分析相结合的方法,确定了强化分解开始时的高起始温度(197℃)和分解比热(6.92 kJ/g)值。所获得的结果证实了从新的替代来源分离的纤维素化学功能化成具有令人满意功能特性的纤维素硝酸酯的可能性。
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来源期刊
自引率
50.00%
发文量
63
审稿时长
12 weeks
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