Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head: Current state of Therapy and Outcomes

Abstract

Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a challenging multifactorial condition that affects mainly young patients. The disease can lead to collapse of the femoral head and secondary degenerative osteoarthritis of the hip joint. Various therapies for different stages of ONFH have been well established. However, results are largely heterogeneous and there is still no universal consensus regarding the optimal approach. In this article, the current therapies of ONFH and their outcomes will be reviewed and categorized based on the ARCO classification.