Biomaterial-Based Gene Delivery to Central Nervous System Cells for the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury

IF 4 Q2 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL

Advanced Nanobiomed Research Pub Date : 2023-09-10 DOI:10.1002/anbr.202300030

Tara K. McGuire, Martyna Stasiewicz, Ian Woods, Adrian G. Dervan, Fergal J. O’Brien

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating traumatic injury often causing permanent loss of function. The challenge of treating SCI stems from the development of a complex pathophysiology at the site of injury, involving multiple biochemical cascades, widespread inflammation, blood supply interruption, inhibitory scar formation, and poor regrowth of injured axons. Clinical options are limited to surgical stabilization and attempt to ameliorate secondary damage following injury. Gene therapy has significant potential to tackle multiple aspects of SCI and improve functional outcomes. The emergence of a diverse array of biomaterial‐based nonviral nanoparticle vectors capable of delivering gene‐modifying nucleic acids offers the potential to improve the efficiency and specificity of genetic cargos for spinal cord regeneration. In this review, the progress that has been made in the field of SCI repair and the different types of nanoparticles and nucleic acid cargoes that have been used are outlined, placing a particular focus on the different cell types and pathways targeted. While many challenges remain, a perspective on the future of the field of nanoparticle‐mediated gene delivery for SCI is provided, including using biomaterial scaffolds engineered specifically for SCI to deliver gene therapeutics and the exciting opportunities that exist in the post‐COVID landscape.

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基于生物材料的中枢神经系统细胞基因传递治疗脊髓损伤

脊髓损伤(SCI)是一种毁灭性的创伤性损伤，常导致永久性功能丧失。治疗脊髓损伤的挑战来自于损伤部位复杂的病理生理学的发展，涉及多种生化级联反应、广泛的炎症、血液供应中断、抑制性疤痕形成和受损轴突再生不良。临床选择仅限于手术稳定和尝试改善损伤后的继发性损伤。基因治疗在治疗脊髓损伤的多个方面和改善功能预后方面具有重要的潜力。多种基于生物材料的非病毒纳米颗粒载体的出现，能够传递基因修饰核酸，为提高脊髓再生基因货物的效率和特异性提供了潜力。在这篇综述中，概述了在脊髓损伤修复领域取得的进展，以及不同类型的纳米颗粒和核酸载体的使用，特别关注了不同的细胞类型和靶向途径。尽管仍存在许多挑战，但本文提供了纳米颗粒介导的SCI基因递送领域的未来前景，包括使用专门为SCI设计的生物材料支架来提供基因治疗，以及后COVID环境中存在的令人兴奋的机会。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Advanced Nanobiomed Research nanomedicine, bioengineering and biomaterials-

CiteScore

5.00

自引率

5.90%

发文量

审稿时长

21 weeks

期刊介绍： Advanced NanoBiomed Research will provide an Open Access home for cutting-edge nanomedicine, bioengineering and biomaterials research aimed at improving human health. The journal will capture a broad spectrum of research from increasingly multi- and interdisciplinary fields of the traditional areas of biomedicine, bioengineering and health-related materials science as well as precision and personalized medicine, drug delivery, and artificial intelligence-driven health science. The scope of Advanced NanoBiomed Research will cover the following key subject areas: ▪ Nanomedicine and nanotechnology, with applications in drug and gene delivery, diagnostics, theranostics, photothermal and photodynamic therapy and multimodal imaging. ▪ Biomaterials, including hydrogels, 2D materials, biopolymers, composites, biodegradable materials, biohybrids and biomimetics (such as artificial cells, exosomes and extracellular vesicles), as well as all organic and inorganic materials for biomedical applications. ▪ Biointerfaces, such as anti-microbial surfaces and coatings, as well as interfaces for cellular engineering, immunoengineering and 3D cell culture. ▪ Biofabrication including (bio)inks and technologies, towards generation of functional tissues and organs. ▪ Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, including scaffolds and scaffold-free approaches, for bone, ligament, muscle, skin, neural, cardiac tissue engineering and tissue vascularization. ▪ Devices for healthcare applications, disease modelling and treatment, such as diagnostics, lab-on-a-chip, organs-on-a-chip, bioMEMS, bioelectronics, wearables, actuators, soft robotics, and intelligent drug delivery systems. with a strong focus on applications of these fields, from bench-to-bedside, for treatment of all diseases and disorders, such as infectious, autoimmune, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, neurological disorders and cancer; including pharmacology and toxicology studies.