Modeling Heat Transfer through Concentric Cylindrical Layers for Controlled Thermal Regulation of a Commercial Research Cryostat

IF 1.6 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

Journal of Thermal Science and Engineering Applications Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI:10.1115/1.4063750

Bradley M. Moran, Peter Geissinger, Jorg Woehl

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Abstract The thermal characteristics of a variable temperature, flowing vapor cryostat are theoretically modeled, taking into account specific geometrical and material constraints, temperature-varying heat transfer coefficients, and thermal conductivities for conductive, convective, and radiative heat transfer. The temperature within the cryostat is controlled by an internal heater and is monitored at both the heater and the sample stage. The modeled system consists of multiple coaxial, cylindrical layers of stainless steel containing various fluids (light vacuum, helium gas, nitrogen gas; the liquid cryogen is nitrogen or helium). The calculated Prandtl and Grashof numbers for the fluid layers suggest that the Churchill-Chu form of the Nusselt equation be used for heat transfer analysis of this system. Developing a model that predicts heat flows throughout the cryostat allows for appropriate articulation of the heater so that the sample quickly reaches the desired temperature without overshooting. Transient and steady-state models are investigated for predictive ability and consistency with the system's experimentally collected heating and cooling behavior.

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商业研究低温恒温器通过同心圆柱形层控制热调节的传热建模

考虑到特定的几何和材料约束、变温传热系数和导热系数，对变温流动蒸汽低温恒温器的热特性进行了理论建模。低温恒温器内的温度由内部加热器控制，并在加热器和样品阶段进行监测。建模系统由多个同轴圆柱形不锈钢层组成，其中含有各种流体(轻真空、氦气、氮气;液冷剂是氮或氦)。流体层的Prandtl数和Grashof数的计算表明，该系统的传热分析可以采用Churchill-Chu形式的Nusselt方程。开发一个模型，预测整个低温恒温器的热流，允许加热器的适当衔接，使样品迅速达到所需的温度，而不会超调。研究了瞬态和稳态模型的预测能力以及与系统实验收集的加热和冷却行为的一致性。

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来源期刊

Journal of Thermal Science and Engineering Applications THERMODYNAMICSENGINEERING, MECHANICAL -ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

CiteScore

3.60

自引率

9.50%

发文量

120

期刊介绍： Applications in: Aerospace systems; Gas turbines; Biotechnology; Defense systems; Electronic and photonic equipment; Energy systems; Manufacturing; Refrigeration and air conditioning; Homeland security systems; Micro- and nanoscale devices; Petrochemical processing; Medical systems; Energy efficiency; Sustainability; Solar systems; Combustion systems