A Survey of Blockchain and Artificial Intelligence for 6G Wireless Communications

IF 34.4 1区计算机科学 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS

IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials Pub Date : 2023-09-14 DOI:10.1109/COMST.2023.3315374

Yiping Zuo;Jiajia Guo;Ning Gao;Yongxu Zhu;Shi Jin;Xiao Li

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引用次数: 2

Abstract

The research on the sixth-generation (6G) wireless communications for the development of future mobile communication networks has been officially launched around the world. 6G networks face multifarious challenges, such as resource-constrained mobile devices, difficult wireless resource management, high complexity of heterogeneous network architectures, explosive computing and storage requirements, privacy and security threats. To address these challenges, deploying blockchain and artificial intelligence (AI) in 6G networks may realize new breakthroughs in advancing network performances in terms of security, privacy, efficiency, cost, and more. In this paper, we provide a detailed survey of existing works on the application of blockchain and AI to 6G wireless communications. More specifically, we start with a brief overview of blockchain and AI. Then, we mainly review the recent advances in the fusion of blockchain and AI, and highlight the inevitable trend of deploying both blockchain and AI in wireless communications. Furthermore, we extensively explore integrating blockchain and AI for wireless communication systems, involving secure services and Internet of Things (IoT) smart applications. Particularly, some of the most talked-about key services based on blockchain and AI are introduced, such as spectrum management, computation allocation, content caching, and security and privacy. Moreover, we also focus on some important IoT smart applications supported by blockchain and AI, covering smart healthcare, smart transportation, smart grid, and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Moreover, we thoroughly discuss operating frequencies, visions, and requirements from the 6G perspective. We also analyze the open issues and research challenges for the joint deployment of blockchain and AI in 6G wireless communications. Lastly, based on lots of existing meaningful works, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive survey of blockchain and AI in 6G networks. We hope this survey can shed new light on the research of this newly emerging area and serve as a roadmap for future studies.

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区块链与人工智能在6G无线通信中的应用研究

面向未来移动通信网络发展的第六代(6G)无线通信研究已在全球范围内正式启动。6G网络面临着移动设备资源受限、无线资源管理困难、异构网络架构高度复杂、计算和存储需求爆炸式增长、隐私和安全威胁等诸多挑战。为了应对这些挑战，在6G网络中部署区块链和人工智能(AI)可能会在提高网络性能方面实现新的突破，包括安全性、隐私性、效率、成本等。在本文中，我们对区块链和人工智能应用于6G无线通信的现有工作进行了详细的调查。更具体地说，我们从区块链和人工智能的简要概述开始。然后，我们主要回顾了区块链和人工智能融合的最新进展，并强调了区块链和人工智能在无线通信中同时部署的必然趋势。此外，我们广泛探索将区块链和人工智能集成到无线通信系统中，涉及安全服务和物联网(IoT)智能应用。特别介绍了一些最受关注的基于区块链和人工智能的关键服务，如频谱管理、计算分配、内容缓存、安全和隐私。此外，我们还关注了区块链和人工智能支持的一些重要物联网智能应用，包括智能医疗、智能交通、智能电网、无人机等。此外，我们还从6G的角度深入讨论了运行频率、愿景和需求。我们还分析了区块链和人工智能在6G无线通信中联合部署的开放性问题和研究挑战。最后，基于大量已有的有意义的工作，本文旨在对6G网络中的区块链和人工智能进行全面的调查。我们希望这项调查能够为这一新兴领域的研究提供新的思路，并为未来的研究提供路线图。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS-TELECOMMUNICATIONS

CiteScore

80.20

自引率

2.50%

发文量

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials is an online journal published by the IEEE Communications Society for tutorials and surveys covering all aspects of the communications field. Telecommunications technology is progressing at a rapid pace, and the IEEE Communications Society is committed to providing researchers and other professionals the information and tools to stay abreast. IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials focuses on integrating and adding understanding to the existing literature on communications, putting results in context. Whether searching for in-depth information about a familiar area or an introduction into a new area, IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials aims to be the premier source of peer-reviewed, comprehensive tutorials and surveys, and pointers to further sources. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials publishes only articles exclusively written for IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials and go through a rigorous review process before their publication in the quarterly issues. A tutorial article in the IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials should be designed to help the reader to become familiar with and learn something specific about a chosen topic. In contrast, the term survey, as applied here, is defined to mean a survey of the literature. A survey article in IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials should provide a comprehensive review of developments in a selected area, covering its development from its inception to its current state and beyond, and illustrating its development through liberal citations from the literature. Both tutorials and surveys should be tutorial in nature and should be written in a style comprehensible to readers outside the specialty of the article.