Effectiveness of self-care intervention in hypertension patients: A systematic review

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the effectiveness and characteristics of self-care interventions affect blood pressure control in hypertensive patients. Methodology: This systematic review was done through Scopus, EBSCOhost, Embase, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Sage in March 2023. The eligibility criteria for study selection were true experimental research with a randomized controlled trial (RCT) design and self-care or self-management interventions in patients with hypertension. Inclusion criteria were self-care or self-management intervention, blood pressure control outcomes, English articles, all open access journals, free articles, and original research. We excluded pregnant and terminal hypertensive patients. The process and selection of articles used the Prisma flow chart. The review method used Cochrane 2.0 risk of bias (ROB 2.0) for RCTs followed by using Robvis application. Results: Self-care interventions were significant for blood pressure control in hypertensive patients in two studies. All studies showed that self-care interventions were effective in reducing mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Conclusion: Educational and counseling materials to improve decision-making skills, individual reflection, and hypertension case management with face-to-face methods followed by telephone or home visits are characteristics of effective self-care interventions.