Externalising migration control in Niger: the humanitarian–security nexus and the International Organization for Migration (IOM)

IF 1.3 4区社会学 Q1 AREA STUDIES

Journal of Modern African Studies Pub Date : 2023-11-06 DOI:10.1017/s0022278x23000149

Fabio de Blasis, Silvia Pitzalis

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Abstract

Abstract The article investigates the role of the International Organization for Migration (IOM) in the global migration regime against the backdrop of the European Union (EU) border externalisation process in Niger. Over the last few years, UN agencies have been considered an essential component of the EU strategy to prevent irregular migrants from reaching Europe. Drawing on qualitative research and ethnographic fieldwork, combining empirical observation with critical analysis, we explore the ‘humanitarian–security nexus’ by focusing on the IOM's ‘humanitarian borderwork’ under the financial umbrella of the Emergency Trust Fund for Africa (ETFA). While the results of purely securitarian measures in Niger may have been ‘disappointing’, the outsourcing of migration management through IOM balances the interests of the Nigerien government and the EU. By focusing on IOM humanitarian operations and assisted voluntary returns and reintegration (AVRR) programmes, the article shows the further expansion of European humanitarian borders into the heart of the Sahel, highlighting new interdiction practices, hidden forms of deportation, side effects and contestation from below.

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尼日尔移民控制外部化:人道主义与安全关系和国际移民组织(IOM)

摘要本文以欧盟(EU)在尼日尔边境外部化进程为背景，探讨了国际移民组织(IOM)在全球移民制度中的作用。在过去几年中，联合国机构被认为是欧盟防止非正规移民进入欧洲战略的重要组成部分。在定性研究和人种学实地调查的基础上，结合实证观察和批判性分析，我们通过关注国际移民组织在非洲紧急信托基金(ETFA)资助下的“人道主义边境工作”，探索了“人道主义与安全的关系”。虽然尼日尔纯粹的安全措施的结果可能“令人失望”，但通过国际移民组织外包的移民管理平衡了尼日利亚政府和欧盟的利益。通过关注国际移民组织的人道主义行动和协助自愿返回和重返社会(AVRR)计划，文章显示了欧洲人道主义边界进一步扩展到萨赫勒地区的心脏地带，突出了新的封锁做法、隐藏的驱逐形式、副作用和自下而上的争论。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Modern African Studies AREA STUDIES-

CiteScore

1.80

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： The Journal of Modern African Studies offers a quarterly survey of developments in modern African politics and society. Its main emphasis is on current issues in African politics, economies, societies and international relations. It is intended not only for students and academic specialists, but also for general readers and practitioners with a concern for modern Africa, living and working both inside and outside the continent. Editorial policy avoids commitment to any political viewpoint or ideology, but aims at a fair examination of controversial issues in order to promote a deeper understanding of what is happening in Africa today. The journal also includes an invaluable book review section.