The first report of the teleomorph stage of the septoria nodorum blotch, Leptosphaeria nodorum, in Serbia

Radivoje Jevtić, Vesna Župunski
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Abstract

Parastagonospora nodorum (teleomorph Leptosphaeria nodorum) is the causal agent of septoria nodorum blotch (SNB). It was first discovered on wheat in 1845. and is common in regions with relatively high or periodically high rainfall. P. nodorum causes symptoms on all above-ground parts of the plant, including leaves, stems, glumes, and awns. The pathogen overwinters on wheat crop residues in the form of pseudothecia and pycnidia. Ascospores released from pseudothecia typically serve as the primary source of inoculum, but conidia released from pycnidia on crop residues can also infect seedlings. Additionally, the fungus is known to survive on seeds in the form of dormant mycelium, making infected seeds a potential source of primary infection. During the 2022/2023 growing season, precipitation totals in April (63.9 mm) and May (124.8 mm) exceeded seventeen-year averages, creating conditions conducive to occurence of SNB. Microscopic examination of lesions on leaves of wheat variety revealed the presence of the sexual stage (L. nodorum) for the first time in Serbia. The asexual stage (P. nodorum) was observed on infected ears of different varieties. This study highlights the need for more attention in monitoring conditions that could lead to outbreak SNB in wheat production areas in Serbia.
在塞尔维亚首次报道了镰状钩端绦虫(Leptosphaeria nodorum)的远变形期
结节状拟单胞菌是引起结节性斑疹病(SNB)的病原。它于1845年首次在小麦上被发现。在降雨量相对高或周期性高的地区很常见。芽孢杆菌在植物的所有地上部分引起症状,包括叶子、茎、颖片和芒。病原菌以假毛虫和假毛虫的形式在小麦作物的残体上越冬。假孢子释放的子囊孢子通常是接种物的主要来源,但假孢子释放的分生孢子在作物残留物上也可以感染幼苗。此外,已知真菌以休眠菌丝体的形式在种子上存活,使受感染的种子成为原发性感染的潜在来源。在2022/2023生长季,4月(63.9 mm)和5月(124.8 mm)的总降水量均超过17年平均值,为SNB的发生创造了有利条件。在塞尔维亚,对小麦品种叶片病变的显微检查首次发现有性期(L. nodorum)的存在。在不同品种的侵染穗上观察了无性期。这项研究强调需要更多地关注监测可能导致塞尔维亚小麦产区爆发SNB的条件。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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