Menstrual cycle and performance sports – an update

Abstract

Top sporting performances are achieved by women and men. However, the performance of organs and metabolic processes varies due to different genetic and hormonal conditions. There is currently a considerable need for more research in this area. Sports science studies have mainly been carried out on male athletes and the data obtained is often not applicable to female athletes in the same way. The following article presents the current state of knowledge on physiological differences, the menstrual cycle, contraceptive methods and energy deficit in relation to athletic performance and training. This knowledge helps to provide comprehensive care and advice to female athletes in sports medicine practice.