{"title":"SWI/SNF-Deficient Sinonasal Carcinomas: Multidisciplinary Research Perspectives","authors":"Serena Danti, Claudio Ricci, Teresa Macchi, Iacopo Dallan, Stefano Berrettini, Alessandro Franchi","doi":"10.1007/s40136-023-00495-w","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Purpose of Review An emerging subset of dismal sinonasal cancers are those characterized by the loss of a SWItch/Sucrose Non-Fermentable (SWI/SNF) complex unit, such as the SWI/SNF-related Matrix-associated Actin-dependent Regulator of Chromatin (SMARC), which includes two main subtypes: SMARCB1- and SMARCA4-deficient sinonasal carcinomas, ultimately leading to four distinct SWI/SNF-deficient sinonasal tumors. These cancers are rare entities and low treatment responsive malignancies. In fact, they are poorly differentiated and usually detected at a late stage, when invasion of facial and cranial regions had already occurred. Recent Findings From a histological standpoint, SWI/SNF-deficient sinonasal carcinomas belong to the group of sinonasal undifferentiated carcinomas (SNUC); however, their distinctive features disclose a special category for these cancers. The identification of biomarkers and signaling pathways has led to the development of emerging therapies, such as immunotherapy and personalized treatments. Finally, we report preliminary findings on 3D in vitro models of sinonasal cancers, as a multidisciplinary tool that could empower the understanding of SWI/SNF-deficient cancer biology. Summary Here, we review the current knowledge about histological and molecular features of SWI/SNF-deficient sinonasal cancers, with a focus on treatment options and multidisciplinary research perspectives. The possibility of studying SWI/SNF-deficient sinonasal tumors in-depth would be fostered by the establishment of tumor cell lines.","PeriodicalId":36165,"journal":{"name":"Current Otorhinolaryngology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4000,"publicationDate":"2023-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Current Otorhinolaryngology Reports","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40136-023-00495-w","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Abstract Purpose of Review An emerging subset of dismal sinonasal cancers are those characterized by the loss of a SWItch/Sucrose Non-Fermentable (SWI/SNF) complex unit, such as the SWI/SNF-related Matrix-associated Actin-dependent Regulator of Chromatin (SMARC), which includes two main subtypes: SMARCB1- and SMARCA4-deficient sinonasal carcinomas, ultimately leading to four distinct SWI/SNF-deficient sinonasal tumors. These cancers are rare entities and low treatment responsive malignancies. In fact, they are poorly differentiated and usually detected at a late stage, when invasion of facial and cranial regions had already occurred. Recent Findings From a histological standpoint, SWI/SNF-deficient sinonasal carcinomas belong to the group of sinonasal undifferentiated carcinomas (SNUC); however, their distinctive features disclose a special category for these cancers. The identification of biomarkers and signaling pathways has led to the development of emerging therapies, such as immunotherapy and personalized treatments. Finally, we report preliminary findings on 3D in vitro models of sinonasal cancers, as a multidisciplinary tool that could empower the understanding of SWI/SNF-deficient cancer biology. Summary Here, we review the current knowledge about histological and molecular features of SWI/SNF-deficient sinonasal cancers, with a focus on treatment options and multidisciplinary research perspectives. The possibility of studying SWI/SNF-deficient sinonasal tumors in-depth would be fostered by the establishment of tumor cell lines.
期刊介绍:
This journal aims to offer expert review articles on the most significant recent developments in the field of otorhinolaryngology. By providing clear, insightful, balanced contributions, the journal intends to serve all those involved in the diagnosis and treatment of ear, nose, throat, and head and neck disorders.
We accomplish this aim by appointing international authorities to serve as Section Editors in key subject areas across the field. Section Editors select topics for which leading experts contribute comprehensive review articles that emphasize new developments and recently published papers of major importance, highlighted by annotated reference lists. An Editorial Board of more than 20 internationally diverse members reviews the annual table of contents, ensures that topics include emerging research, and suggests topics of special importance to their country/region.
Topics covered may include chronic rhinosinusitis; implantable devices; neurolaryngology; otolaryngic allergy; robotic surgery; sleep apnea; skull base surgery; thyroid surgery; and quality and outcomes.