The efflux problem: how hydraulics became divorced from hydrodynamics

IF 0.7 2区 哲学 Q2 HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE
Michael Eckert
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The efflux problem deals with the outflow of water through an orifice in a vessel, the flow over the crest of a weir and some other ways of discharge. The difficulties to account for such fluid motions in terms of a mathematical theory made it a notorious problem throughout the history of hydraulics and hydrodynamics. The treatment of the efflux problem, therefore, reflects the diverging routes along which hydraulics became an engineering science and hydrodynamics a theoretical science out of touch with applications. By the twentieth century, the presentation of the efflux problem in textbooks on hydraulics had almost nothing in common with that in textbooks on hydrodynamics.

Abstract Image

流出问题:水力学如何脱离流体力学
流出问题涉及水流通过容器孔口流出、流过堰顶以及其他一些排放方式。由于难以用数学理论来解释这种流体运动,因此在水力学和流体力学的发展史上,这是一个臭名昭著的问题。因此,流出问题的处理反映了水力学成为一门工程科学和流体力学成为一门与应用脱节的理论科学的不同路线。到了二十世纪,水力学教科书中对流出问题的表述与流体力学教科书中对流出问题的表述几乎毫无共同之处。
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来源期刊
Archive for History of Exact Sciences
Archive for History of Exact Sciences 管理科学-科学史与科学哲学
CiteScore
1.30
自引率
20.00%
发文量
16
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Archive for History of Exact Sciences casts light upon the conceptual groundwork of the sciences by analyzing the historical course of rigorous quantitative thought and the precise theory of nature in the fields of mathematics, physics, technical chemistry, computer science, astronomy, and the biological sciences, embracing as well their connections to experiment. This journal nourishes historical research meeting the standards of the mathematical sciences. Its aim is to give rapid and full publication to writings of exceptional depth, scope, and permanence.
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