Examining individual behavioural variation in wild adult bull sharks (Carcharhinus leucas) suggests divergent personalities

IF 1.2 4区生物学 Q4 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Behaviour Pub Date : 2023-10-23 DOI:10.1163/1568539x-bja10244

Thomas M. Vignaud, Carl G. Meyer, Clémentine Séguigne, Jan Bierwirth, Eric E.G. Clua

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Abstract

Abstract Although many animal species demonstrate individual personalities, studying these traits in wild sharks has proven challenging. Past research focused mainly on captive or juvenile sharks. Our ethological study of 31 wild adult bull sharks ( Carcharhinus leucas ) utilized an artificial provisioning site, amassing 2813 observations over 651 dives from October 2015 to January 2018 (27 months). Behavioural traits, including boldness-shyness and aggressiveness-placidity, were assessed using an ad hoc ethogram and an influencing factors table. This innovative approach not only allowed us to characterize individual shark behaviours but also to quantify their changes over time. Our findings suggest that adult bull sharks likely possess distinct personalities, spanning from extreme shyness to pronounced boldness, with varying levels of plasticity among individuals. Further exploration of shark personalities holds promise for advancing our comprehension of human–shark interactions and refining the management of potential aggressive behaviours exhibited by large shark species toward humans.

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检查野生成年牛鲨(Carcharhinus leucas)的个体行为变化表明不同的个性

虽然许多动物物种都表现出个性，但研究野生鲨鱼的这些特征具有挑战性。过去的研究主要集中在圈养或幼年鲨鱼上。我们对31条野生成年牛鲨(Carcharhinus leucas)进行了行为学研究，利用人工供应点，在2015年10月至2018年1月(27个月)的651次潜水中收集了2813次观察结果。行为特征，包括大胆-害羞和攻击性-平静，使用特别的心电图和影响因素表进行评估。这种创新的方法不仅使我们能够描述个体鲨鱼的行为，而且还可以量化它们随时间的变化。我们的研究结果表明，成年牛鲨可能具有独特的个性，从极度害羞到明显大胆，个体之间具有不同程度的可塑性。对鲨鱼性格的进一步探索有望促进我们对人类与鲨鱼互动的理解，并改善大型鲨鱼对人类表现出的潜在攻击行为的管理。

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来源期刊

Behaviour 生物-动物学

CiteScore

1.80

自引率

7.70%

发文量

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Behaviour is interested in all aspects of animal (including human) behaviour, from ecology and physiology to learning, cognition, and neuroscience. Evolutionary approaches, which concern themselves with the advantages of behaviour or capacities for the organism and its reproduction, receive much attention both at a theoretical level and as it relates to specific behavior.