Fundamentele psihoterapiei psihanalitice

Abstract

Introspection and psychodynamic defence mechanisms will remain explanatory bases in any Kaplan-type textbook, alongside genetic, biochemical foundations (related to neuromodulators and neurotransmitters) or social perspectives. This paper aims to explain both classical Freudian psychoanalysis and its underlying concepts, as well as modern Patrick Casement-like postulates on the principles of psychoanalytic psychotherapy. Active listening, floating attention, Freud’s first and second theories of anguish, the classical view of the division of intrapsychic functioning into neuroses, psychoses, borderline functioning and perversions, the original reflex as the core of unconscious attraction, primitive mechanisms, such as denial, projection, projective identification and dissociation, together with the foreclosure in obsessive compulsive disorder or mature mechanisms, such as humor, intellectualization, rationalization and activism, represent the bridge between the semiological realm of psychiatry and the key to psychodynamic explanations, the gateway to the area of psychotherapies.