Epidemiological Features of Non-Sustained Ventricular Tachycardia in Acute Coronary Syndrome with ST Segment Elevation.

Abstract

Background: Non-Sustained Ventricular Tachycardia is the most frequent ventricular arrhythmias in acute coronary syndrome with ST segment elevation, the assessment of its incidence and prognosis have been the subject of several international studies, but its epidemiological data is lacking in Algeria. Aims: The main objective of our study is the determination of the frequency of Non-Sustained ventricular tachycardia in acute coronary syndrome with ST segment elevation, the secondary objective was the analysis of predictive factors of this arrhythmia, and related mortality. Methods and materials:  In this prospective study, conducted in the cardiology department of Hussein Dey hospital (Algiers-Algeria), 467 patients with acute coronary syndrome with elevated ST segment (87 women and 380 men) were enrolled between 28 February 2014 and 16 July 2015. The average age is 60 ± 13 years; at admission, a Holter recorder was attached for continuous ECG monitoring during 48 hours Kruskal’s ANNOVA or H tests were used for comparison of quantitative variables, χ2 test or Fisher’s exact test, were used for qualitative variables, all tests were performed with 1st species risk of 5%. Results:  The frequency of Non-Sustained Ventricular Tachycardia is 28.3 % (132 patients), CI 95%: [24.2%-32.4%], multivariate analysis identified the following independent predictors: Age ≤ 58 years, current active smoking, presence of akinetic segment in echocardiography, and short time from symptom onset to emergency room. The risk of in-hospital mortality is low, but not significant (Hazard Ration of 0.156. CI 95%: [0.21-1.177], p = 0.072) Conclusion: NonSustained Ventricular tachycardia is the most frequent arrhythmias during acute coronary syndrome with elevated ST segment, its predictive factors according to our study are: Age ≤ 58 years, current active smoking, presence of akinetic segment in echocardiography, and short time from symptom onset to emergency room. The risk of in-hospital mortality is low, but not significant