Antimicrobial, phytochemical and pharmacological properties of Phyllanthus niruri linn

B. A. Oyekanmi, I. B. Osho, J. C. Kolawole
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Abstract

Introduction: Phyllanthus niruri is a common herb widely used in home remedies against infectious agents. This study unveils the antimicrobial and therapeutic potentials of P. niruri against Escherichia coli infection.Methods: Ethanol and water extracts of the plant were prepared and investigated for their antimicrobial activity using the agar well diffusion method against eleven clinical isolates. The in vivo study was conducted on albino rats, infected and subsequently treated.Results: The observation showed Ciprofloxacin with the highest (41 mm) sensitivity against P. mirabilis; and lowest (20 mm) against S. flexneri, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and S. aureus. Ketoconazole at 100 mg/mL concentration revealed antifungal sensitivity ranging from 2 to 15 mm. The extracts showed better sensitivity against the bacteria (2 to 24) mm when compared with the fungi species (2 to 12 mm). Phyllanthus niruri extract demonstrated a minimum inhibitory concentration of 25 to 100 mg/mL The albino rats of weight ranging from 83 to 105 g were administered with P. niruri ethanol extract but indicated no toxicity at 1500 mg dose. The packed cell volume, red cell count, total leucocyte count, and serum enzymes of the tested rats were within the normal range. The healing effect was dose-dependence and most effective from 1200 mg/kg to 1500 mg/kg body weight. P. niruri extract produced some level of antimicrobial activity both in vitro and in vivo.Conclusion: Extract from Phyllanthus niruri is effective in vitro and in vivo against Escherichia coli infection. It has no ill effect on the blood circulatory system, liver, and kidney. The bioactive agent present in the extract has proven health benefits, and can be administered as supplement. However, more studies on its chronic toxicity are required.
余甘子抗菌、植物化学及药理特性研究
介绍:千疮百孔是一种常见的草药,广泛用于家庭治疗传染性病原体。这项研究揭示了尼鲁氏杆菌对大肠杆菌感染的抗菌和治疗潜力。方法:采用琼脂孔扩散法对11株临床分离株进行抑菌活性研究。体内研究是在白化大鼠身上进行的,感染后治疗。结果:观察环丙沙星对奇异假单胞菌的敏感性最高(41 mm);对弗氏沙门氏菌、大肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的作用最小(20毫米)。酮康唑浓度为100 mg/mL时,抗真菌敏感性为2 ~ 15 mm。提取物对细菌(2 ~ 24)mm的敏感性优于真菌(2 ~ 12 mm)。以体重83 ~ 105 g的白化大鼠为实验对象,以1500 mg的剂量给药,无明显毒性。各组大鼠的堆积细胞体积、红细胞计数、白细胞总数、血清酶均在正常范围内。愈合效果呈剂量依赖性,在1200mg /kg ~ 1500mg /kg体重范围内最有效。在体内和体外均有一定的抑菌活性。结论:余甘子提取物在体外和体内均具有抗大肠杆菌感染的作用。它对血液循环系统、肝脏和肾脏没有不良影响。存在于提取物中的生物活性物质已被证明对健康有益,并且可以作为补充剂使用。但其慢性毒性还有待进一步研究。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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