Determination of heart rate variability as an indicator of the influence of the tone of the autonomic nervous system in goats

Abstract

The relevance of the topic lies in the studied role of the autonomic nervous system in regulating the cardiovascular system in goats. The variability of the heart rate is a good indicator in the study of the animal's health quality and the analysis of its psychophysiological state in the farm. The purpose of the study is to establish the influence of the tone of autonomous nervous regulation on the body of goats, which is reflected in changes in the sympatho-vagal balance. Experimental studies were carried out on goats of the Zaanenska breed. A cardiograph was used to diagnose the variability of the heart rate, followed by the determination of the main indicators according to Baevsky's method, which included the determination of mode, mode amplitude, variation range, autonomic balance index, autonomic rhythm index, and stress index. Based on the results of the study, three research groups were formed: normotonics, vagotonics, and sympathotonics. Sympathotonic animals had high values of heart rate 96.80 ± 6.62, intensity of the R-R interval 35.30 ± 1.18, and low values of the value of the R-R interval 0.63 ± 0.04 (Р ≤ 0.05; Р ≤ 0.001). Vagotonic goats had the opposite features, characterized by a decrease in heart rate 58.4 ± 2.21, the intensity of the R-R interval 12.44 ± 1.11, and an increase in the value of the R-R interval 1.03 ± 0.04 (Р ≤ 0.01; Р ≤ 0.001). Normotonic animals, compared to other experimental groups, had average values. Based on the obtained results, goats, depending on the influence of the tone of the autonomic nervous system, have differences in the activity of the cardiovascular system. Due to this, their response to the stress factor will differ, which in turn will affect productivity. Determination of heart rate variability can become one of the indispensable indicators in the analysis of animal health on dairy farms. Therefore, this question is quite relevant, especially when studying the metabolic processes of the body of goats, to improve the efficiency of productivity while preserving the physiological state of the animal.