In Vitro Cytotoxic Potential of Ethanol Extract of Dictyopteris acrostichoides Against Human Cancer Cells

Abstract

Abstract Ethanol extracts of Caulerpa racemose (Forsskål) J.Agardh, 1873, Dictyopteris acrostichoides (J.Agardh) Bornet, 1885, Halimeda opuntia (Linnaeus) J.V.Lamouroux, 1816, and Polycladia myrica (S.G.Gmelin) Draima, Ballesteros, F.Rousseau & T.Thibaut, 2010, were tested for their cytotoxicity against human hepatoma, human breast adenocarcinoma, and human colon adenocarcinoma cell lines. Dictyopteris acrostichoides displayed cytotoxicity against human hepatoma, human breast adenocarcinoma, and human colon adenocarcinoma with IC 50 values of 11.65, 9.28, and 16.86 µg/ml, respectively, in comparison to doxorubicin as a positive control (IC 50 5.72, 5.17, and 5.81 µg/ml, respectively). Metabolic profiling of the D. acrostichoides extract characterized seventeen metabolites. In silico analysis indicated 1-(3-oxo-undecyldisulfanyl)-undecan-3-one was the most active epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor, while 1-(3-oxo-undecyldisulfanyl)-undecan-3-one and di(3-acetoxy-5-undecenyl) disulfide were the most active vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors. Furthermore, the ethanol extract of D. acrostichoides was tested against epidermal growth factor receptor kinase (IC 50 0.11 µg/ml) compared to lapatinib as a positive control (IC 50 0.03 µg/ml), and against vascular endothelial growth factor (IC 50 0.276 µg/ml) compared to sorafenib as a positive control (IC 50 0.049 µg/ml). Graphical Abstract