Alcolic liver disease: what’s new in the current decade?

Abstract

Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) - damage to the liver parenchyma under the influence of ethanol consumption, which can manifest itself in several ways: steatosis, alcoholic hepatitis (steatohepatitis), fibrosis and cirrhosis of the liver. The present review considers publications of recent years (2020-2023) in the Pubmed and Scopus information databases devoted to the study of various aspects of the current state of the problem of alcohol-associated liver pathology. New data on the epidemiology and burden of ALD have been obtained; the pandemic of a new coronavirus infection has had a certain impact on the course of ALD. The study of individual links in the pathogenesis of ALD is actively continuing, a large number of publications are devoted to the participation and role in the pathogenesis of alcohol-associated liver diseases of the “gut-liver” axis. New therapeutic strategies for alcohol-associated liver disease are classified based on their mode of action: (1) anti-inflammatory therapies, (2) antioxidants, (3) therapies that modulate the gut-liver axis, and (4) therapies that enhance liver regeneration. At the same time, the often unfavorable prognosis and insufficient effectiveness of therapy require further study of alcohol-associated liver diseases.