Autofluorescent stomatoscopy and its possibilities to evaluate results of the oral mucosa leukoplakia surgical treatment

Abstract

Background: Leukoplakia belongs to facultative precancerous diseases. In this regard, the issues of timely diagnosis and treatment of leukoplakia will always be relevant. Autofluorescent stomatoscopy (AFS) is one of the promising methods that allows to detect early signs of malignancy of diseases of the oral mucosa and determine risk zones for pathological processes that are not accompanied by visual clinical manifestations. The aim of the study is to increase the effectiveness of treatment of patients with oral leukoplakia by optimizing the volume of surgical intervention and the timing of postoperative follow–up with the help of AFS. Materials and methods.A survey of 45 patients with oral leukoplakia, who under went conservative and surgical treatment, was conducted. During the clinical examination, the device for autofluorescent stomatoscopy — AFS-400 was used. Surgical treatment of patients was performed at the Department of maxillofacial surgery at St Petersburg State Medical Institution «City Multidisciplinary Hospital No.2». The results of the study. To clarify the area of the pathological process and determine the location for the collection of material for histological examination, it is advisable to use AFS. Histological examination is the main method for confirming the presumed diagnosis and determine the specific nosological form of the disease. After cryodestruction, 7% of patients retained minor foci of hyperkeratosis, however, they had a smaller area compared to the initial examination and during the AFS had a normal green glow of tissues, which made it possible to make a favorable prognosis of the course of the disease. Conclusion: patients who had hyperkeratosis focus smaller than the size of the tissue glow focus in AFS, as well as patients with uneven attenuation of tissue glow in AFS, need a longer period of follow-up and regular check-ups to exclude the processes of malignancy.