Comparative analysis of cow dung microflora of different cow breeds for plant growth promoting traits and antifungal properties for prospective use in organic and natural farming system

Research Square (Research Square) Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI:10.21203/rs.3.rs-3584654/v1

Shweta Sagar, Arjun Singh, Jyoti Bala, Rakesh Chauhan, Rameshwar Kumar, Abhishek Walia

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Abstract

Abstract In the present study, cow dung from different breeds of cow were explored for its microbial population, plant growth promoting (PGP) traits and antagonistic activity against six fungal phytopathogens. Physico-chemical analysis of cow dung showed highest N, P, K, EC and pH in indigenous Himachali Pahari non-lactating cow. The microbial population of cow dung was enumerated for a period of 7 days and maximum microbial count was found in Himachali Pahari lactating cow. A total of 32 morphologically different cow dung bacterial isolates were selected for further characterization. Cow dung isolates i.e. , PL2, PL3 from Himachali Pahari lactating and PD3, PD5 from non-lactating cow; SL1, SL2, SL5 from Sahiwal lactating cow and SD3 from non-lactating cow; JL1 from Jersey lactating cow and JD1, JD2 from non-lactating cow were found positive for all PGP activities except HCN production. Quantitative estimation showed Jersey non-lactating isolate (JD3) best in phosphate solubilisation (127.79 µg/ml) and JD4 for siderophore production (98.42%) whereas, Himachali Pahari lactating (PL2) was found best in IAA production (80.03 µg/ml). Bacterial isolates were checked for antifungal activity against six fungal pathogens viz ., Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotonia sclerotiorum, Pythium aphanidermatum, Phytopthora sp., Alternaria alternata and Fusarium oxysporum. Maximum antifungal activity was found in Jersey lactating isolates (JL1, JL2 and JL4) and Jersey non-lactating (JD1), against all tested fungal phytopathogens. Thirteen bacterial isolates were selected on the basis of PGP and antifungal activities for biochemical and molecular identification. PD3, SL1, JL1, JL2, JL4 and JD1 were identified as Bacillus subtilis , SL2 as Bacillus sp., SD3 and JL3 as Escherichia coli , SL5 as Arthrobacter gandavensis , PL2 as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and PL3 as Microbacterium thalassium .

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不同奶牛品种牛粪微生物区系的植物促生长特性和抗真菌特性比较分析，为有机和自然农业系统的应用前景奠定基础

摘要本研究对不同品种牛粪的微生物种群、植物生长促进(PGP)特性和对6种真菌植物病原体的拮抗活性进行了研究。牛粪理化分析结果表明，本地喜马偕利巴哈里非泌乳奶牛粪中N、P、K、EC和pH最高。对7 d的牛粪微生物种群进行了枚举，发现喜马偕利乳牛的粪便微生物数量最多。选取32株形态不同的牛粪细菌分离株进行进一步鉴定。牛粪分离物，即喜马偕利乳牛的PL2、PL3和非乳牛的PD3、PD5;泌乳奶牛SL1、SL2、SL5和非泌乳奶牛SD3;泽西泌乳奶牛JL1和非泌乳奶牛JD1、JD2除HCN产生外，其余PGP活性均呈阳性。定量分析结果表明，泽西非泌乳菌株JD3对磷酸盐的溶解效果最好(127.79µg/ml)， JD4对铁载体的产生效果最好(98.42%)，而喜马偕利泌乳菌株PL2对IAA的产生效果最好(80.03µg/ml)。测定了分离菌株对6种真菌病原菌的抑菌活性，分别为:番茄根丝核菌、菌核菌核菌、蛇皮霉、疫霉、互交菌和尖孢镰刀菌。泌乳菌株(JL1、JL2和JL4)和非泌乳菌株(JD1)对所有真菌植物病原菌的抗真菌活性最高。根据PGP和抗真菌活性筛选出13株菌株进行生化和分子鉴定。经鉴定，PD3、SL1、JL1、JL2、JL4和JD1为枯草芽孢杆菌，SL2为芽孢杆菌，SD3和JL3为大肠杆菌，SL5为甘达氏节杆菌，PL2为嗜麦芽窄养单胞菌，PL3为海洋微杆菌。

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