Spread spectrum-based watermarking for Tardos code-based fingerprinting for H.264/AVC video

Abstract

In this paper, we present a novel approach for active finger-printing of state of the art video codec H.264/AVC. Tardos probabilistic fingerprinting code is embedded in H.264/AVC video signals using spread spectrum watermarking technique. Different linear and non-linear collusion attacks have been performed in the pixel domain to show the robustness of the proposed approach. The embedding has been performed in the non-zero quantized transformed coefficients (QTCs) while taking into account the reconstruction loop.