Influence of Super Absorbent Polymers (Saps) on Irrigation Interval and Growth of Black Pepper (Piper Nigrum L.) in Nursery Management

Abstract

Drought stress is one of the most adverse limitations of local black pepper production in Dry and Intermediate zones of Sri Lanka. Application of Super Absorbent Polymers (SAPs) is hypothesized to result in the optimised use of water resources in these regions. A study was undertaken to examine the effect of different levels of irrigation intervals and different level of SAPs and then to find out the best treatment combination for growth of black pepper plants under nursery management. The experiment was conducted at Intercropping and Betel Research Station, Narammala. GK49 was the selected variety and Zeba (commercial name) was the selected SAP type. The experiment was carried out following a factorial layout based on Complete Random Design (CRD) with three replicates. The factors were three levels of irrigation intervals as 4, 8 and 10 days (T1 to T3) and four levels of SAPs as no Zeba, 1g, 1.5g and 2g of Zeba (L1 to L4). Plant growth parameters were measured at two weeks interval and all the parameters were analysed by anova using SAS software. Statistical analysis had shown that there were significant effects (P<0.05) of main factors and their interactions on plant parameters. Plant parameters were decreased with decreased Zeba amount and increased irrigation interval. In this study 2g of Zeba with 4 and 8 days irrigation interval (L4T1, L4T2) and 1.5g of Zeba with 4 days of irrigation interval (L3T1) treatments were the better treatments. However, considering the cost effectiveness 2g of Zeba with 8 days irrigation interval (L4T2) treatment is recommended as the best treatment for increasing plant performances and decreasing water stress conditions to the plant. Therefore, the results of this study showed that SAPs can store and absorb a considerable amount of water and reduce unfavourable effects of water shortage on black pepper plants in nursery management.