SISTEM BAGI HASIL PADA USAHA PERIKANAN TANGKAP DI KEPULAUAN ARU

Abstract

Sistem bagi hasil usaha perikanan tangkap di Kabupaten Kepulauan Aru memiliki pengaruh penting dalam mencukupi kebutuhan hidup nelayan. Sistem bagi hasil ditentukan oleh pemilik atau juragan yang diberlakukan kepada awak kapal/perahu. Sistem yang diberlakukan,menjadi menarik bagi awak kapal khususnya Anak Buah Kapal (ABK)karena adanya bantuan talangan operasional melaut. Namun, dengan adanya sistem bagi hasil tersebut, nelayan menemui masalah ketika kebutuhan hidupnya tidak terpenuhi khususnya pada musim paceklik. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui sistem bagi hasil yang ideal bagi nelayan. Sistem bagi hasil yang ideal diharapkan dapat bermanfaat tidak saja untuk pemilik, namun kepada ABK. Terutama agar sistem tersebut tidak berdampak merugikan nelayan ketika musim paceklik. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di Kabupaten Kepulauan Aru. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling. Analisis kualitatitif dilakukan untuk menganalisis sistem bagi hasil pada usaha perikanan tangkap. Analisis data kuantitatif untuk menganalisis pendapatan dari pemilik dan awak kapal atau perahu. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwapada sistem bagi hasil yang diberlakukan pada nelayan di Kepulauan Aru berdasarkan jenis alat tangkapnya, memiliki pendapatan diatas pendapatan minimum regional per bulan. Meskipun pendapatan diatas pendapatan minimum regional, nelayan masih menemui kesulitan dalam memenuhi kebutuhan ketika musim paceklik. Dari analisis tersebut, maka implikasi kebijakannya yaitu perlunya penyediaan modal untuk nelayan kecil dan perlu adanya pendampingan usaha dari pemerintah. Hal ini ditujukan agar nelayan kecil tidak tergantung kepada pedagang. Dengan demikian, nelayan dapat memenuhikebutuhan nelayan pada saat musim paceklik.Title:System of fishing sharing in Aru Islands Regency has an important influence in fulfilling the life needs of fishermen. The profit-sharing system is determined by the owner or skipper imposed on the boat crew. The system imposed, became interesting to the crew of the ship, especially the Children of the Fruit Ship (ABK) due to operational assistance to go to sea. However, with the system, fishermen encounter problems when their life needs are not met, especially in the season of difficult find fish. This research is aimed to know the ideal profit sharing system for fishermen. The ideal revenue-sharing system is expected to be useful not only to owners, but to the crew. Especially, so that the system does not adversely affect the fisherman during the season of difficult to find fish. The location of the study was conducted in Aru Islands District. Sampling is done by purposive sampling. Qualitative analysis was conducted to analyze the profit sharing system in capture fishery business. Analysis of quantitative data to analyze income from owners and crew of boats or boats. The results showed that the profit sharing system applied to fishermen in Aru Islands based on the type of fishing gear, has an income above the minimum regional income per month. Despite income above the income of the minimum regional, fishermen still find it difficult to meet the needs during the season of the difficult to find the fish. From the analysis, the policy implication is the need for capital supply for small fishermen and the need for business assistance from the government. It is intended that small fishermen are not dependent on owners. Thus, fishermen can meet the needs of fishermen during the season of the difficult to find the fish.