Proposal of a load curve modeling applied to Highway EV Fast Charging Stations

Abstract

One of the greatest challenges of EV penetration is to ensure conditions of large distances travel, mainly by the battery range capabilities and the impact of charging events in the total travel time. For these reasons, it is fundamental to develop fast-charging station (FCS) infrastructures applied to highways. The decrease in charging times implies an increase in charging power. Moreover, the load curve shape of FCS is highly impacted by user's patterns, with a stochastic behavior. Many studies are being developed to evaluate the impact of FCS on Power Systems, based on the EV penetration increase. By the innovative technology and a small sampling of these applications yet, the development of tools to generate FCS scenarios is important. This paper shows a proposal of FCS load curve modeling, based in a mixed process of a deterministic model, to estimate the traffic and the FCS operation, and a stochastic model, based on a Monte Carlo simulation, to determine aspects as charging time length and FCS entry rate. The model was applied in a case study, based on a Brazilian highway. The load curves obtained indicate compatibility between scenarios and inputs, and the fast saturation of a static FCS infrastructure by the increase of EV market share.