The Role of Electric Vehicles in Sustainable Energy: Applying Experience from Other Countries to Polish Reality

Abstract

The European Union has agreed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, produce more energy from renewable sources and improve energy efficiency. At the same time, all of the partner countries, including the Polish government, have agreed to collaborate to achieve ambitious targets. The realization of this climate policy will not be possible without the acceptance and engagement of society. One of the potential solutions to emissions-related problems is increasing the use of electric vehicles (EVs) in society. One of the main reasons of the increasing air pollution, especially in cities, is the rise in car traffic. According to the Institute of Citizens' Affairs, flue gas causes about 40% of air pollution in cities, of which 70 % is generated in traffic jams. The suggested solution in this case is to introduce electric vehicles and support their diffusion to a significant frequency on the market. A few countries across Europe have implemented policies that support the sale of EVs. This article describes, analyzes and compares the best practices from Europe with pilot programs in Poland. Based on this comparative analysis and deep studies, some policy recommendations will be proposed. The results of a comparative analysis with the chosen countries will indicate policies that should be implemented on the Polish market in the initial stages. Implementation of the most efficient policies could introduce EVs more effectively.