Limited-memory BFGS Optimisation of Phase-Only Computer-Generated Hologram for Fraunhofer Diffraction

Abstract

We implement a novel limited-memory Broyden–Fletcher–Goldfarb–Shanno (L-BFGS) optimisation algorithm with cross entropy (CE) loss function, to produce phase-only computer-generated hologram (CGH) for holographic displays, with validation on a binary-phase modulation holographic projector.