Semen Infection Associated Male Infertility and Role of Assisted Reproductive Techniques: A Review

Abstract

Recent research has revealed that pathogens in the semen and in the genital tract play a significant role in male infertility. The infection of viruses like Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis B virus (HBV), Hepatitis C virus (HCV), Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), Herpes-Simplex Virus (HSV), and Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) may have a significant impact on male infertility. These infections may lead to temporary or permanent infertility, hormonal impairment, testicular malfunction, or abnormal spermatogenesis. This review is looking into the mechanism of viral infections and their effects on male fertility. The current review also focuses on defining the role of ARTs (Assisted Reproductive Techniques) in the occurrence and management of viral load of the male reproductive system