Stem Cell and Markers

Abstract

Stem cells have the ability to go through various cell divisions and also maintain undifferentiated state. Stem cells are Embryonic (Pluripotent) and adult stem cells. Pluripotent stem cells give rise to all tissues such as ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm. Embryonic stem cells isolated from inner cell mass of embryo blastocyst. Adult stem cells are also undifferentiated cells present in adult organisms and repair the tissue when damaged occurs but number in less. Adult stem cells are present in bone marrow, adipose tissue, blood and juvenile state umbilical cord and tissue of specific origin like liver, heart, intestine and neural tissue. Embryonic stem cells from blastocyst have the ethical problems and tumorogenecity. These can be identified by flow cytometry. There are wide range of stem cell markers which are useful in identifying them. Most of the pluripotent cell markers are common with tumor cell markers which throws a challenge for certainty.