Power and Energy Management of a Dual-Energy Source Electric Vehicle - Policy Implementation Issues

Abstract

This paper offers a new design-oriented approach to address implementation issues associated with a power and energy management policy for an electric vehicle (EV) powered by a dual-sourced system. A special sequential decision process, which determines the power split ratio and reference energy levels of the dual battery-ultracapacitor sources, has been formulated as a state transition mechanism. Experimental results from a test vehicle were used to validate simulation models of tractive power demands and battery behavior