Quad-polarization Reconfigurable Frequency Scanning 2×3 Array Antenna for 5 GHz Band Application

Abstract

In this paper, a $2 \times 3$ planar two-layer stacked symmetric array antenna has been studied. It consists of ±45° tilted square patch antenna. It is an eight-port antenna. Among all, 2 ports are fed with a phase difference $\left(0^{\circ}, \pm 90^{\circ} \& 180^{\circ}\right)$ and remaining are $50 \Omega$ matched terminated. It provides all possible polarizations e.g., linear (vertical & horizontal) and circular (right & left hand) polarization. Simultaneously, it offers frequency scanning at two frequency points, 5 GHz and 5.25 GHz, by implementing traveling wave technology. The crosspolarization in V-LP and H-LP is always below -40 dB and -20 dB, respectively. The simulated axial ratio in LHCP and RHCP have also achieved always below 3 dB in the desired frequency band.