Symmetric Projection Attractor Reconstruction: Inter-Individual Differences in the ECG

Abstract

The electrocardiogram (ECG) appears highly individual in nature. By applying the Symmetric Projection Attractor Reconstruction (SPAR) method, we obtain a unique visualisation of an individual's ECG and show how the subtle inter- and intra-individual differences observed may be quantified. This preliminary study supports further development of the novel SPAR approach for patient stratification and monitoring.