Two Ways Peer Interactions Affect Academic Performance

Abstract

This paper reviews the literature on the impact of peer interactions on academic performance. One branch of the literature examines how peers' external characteristics directly affect individual academic performance. The other discusses peer influences on individuals' internal self-concept, which shapes their degree of academic engagement and indirectly affects their academic performance. This paper provides a comprehensive perspective for future research on the influence of peer interactions on academic performance and establishes a foundation for prospective studies on crowd evolution.