Vibrational and Acoustic Characteristics

Abstract

In many treatments of powder in industrial processes, mechanical vibration and sonic energy have been used to increase the efficiency of the operation, and to enhance the transport rates in various industrial operations such as emulsification, drying, and agglomeration. Furthermore, acoustic noise from powder industrial processes has been used for instrumentation of the state variables in the powder industrial processes. Sound, generally, is radiated by the vibration of a surface, the rapid dilation of fluid medium, and the formation of fluctuating eddies in a fluid. In the instrumentation of a particulate system, impact and frictional sound between particles are important to measure the state variables of the processes.