Heterosis of yield and its components of maize (Zea mays L.) using factorial mating design

Abstract

  In this study, ten pure maize strains were introduced in the hybridization program according to the factorial design mating system proposed by Comstock and Robinson (1948 and 1952) and were divided into two groups: a local adapted inbred lines and strain 839 and cv 890 used as parents, (ZM51L, ZP-301, OH, IK-58, IK-8, SH, R-153) were used as females, The seeds of the ten parents and twenty-one hybrids were swon in the field of a farmer in the Zlaya area (south of Tikrit) using a random complete block design with three replicates ( RCBD ). The hybrid vigor was studied in methods (on the basis of the first generation deviation of the average and the best parents) The number of rows in per ear, the number of grains in the row, the number of grains in per ear, the weight of 300 weight and the single plant yield. The results showed significant differences between genotypes (parents and first-generation genotypes) of all characters except the number of ears in the plant at a probability level of 1%. the  hybris superior (IK-58 x local strain), (ZP-301 x 839)(IK-58 x 839), (ZM51L x C.V890) and (OH x CV 890) were based on the deviation of the average first generation from the average parents And the best parents of all characters studied.