Economic and statistical analysis of russian regions' environmental and economic activity localization

Abstract

Currently, many scientists and economists write about the seriousness of global environmental problems, paying great attention to the interdependence of ecology and economic development. The ecological situation in the regions of Russia directly depends on the impact of economic sectors on the environment. At the same time, the important features of a sustainable economy are the efficient use of natural resources, reduction of environmental pollution, low carbon emissions, etc. The study of the ecological situation requires constant updating of materials, the identification of new patterns of development. This study is a comprehensive analysis of the localization of the ecological and economic activity of Russian regions. In the process of processing the materials, official statistical data on the state of the social, economic and ecological subsystems of the regions were used. The results of the analysis made it possible to identify a number of patterns in the distribution of Russian regions, taking into account the localization of environmental and economic activity. To form virtual groups of regions, homogeneous in terms of the totality of indicators characterizing the ecological and economic activity of Russian regions, we used cluster analysis, which is a research method that allows for a multidimensional grouping of objects. As a result, observations are depicted by groups of points in geometric space, called clusters. By analyzing the dendrogram, the regions of the country are divided into a certain number of clusters. Since clustering by the K-means method does not automatically rank clusters, they are sorted by the sum of normalized indicators, and the higher the value of the sum of these indicators, the more unbalanced the cluster is. The use of this method has been widely reflected in the study of the problems of socioeconomic development of regions.