RESIDENTIAL COMPLEXES XVIII-XIX CENTURIES(BY THE EXAMPLE OF THE SYGANAK SETTLEMENT)

Abstract

Known as one of the largest centers along the Great Silk Road, Syganak was one of the most important cities of the Kazakh Khanate in the Middle Ages, where science and culture, trade and art, agriculture and animal husbandry developed simultaneously. The town was the capital of the Kipchak Khanate in the XI-XIII centuries, in the XIV-XV centuries it was recognized as the capital of the White Horde, and in the XV-XVIII centuries it became the capital, political and economic center of the Kazakh Khanate. The cultural strata of Syganak under the Kazakh Khanate still need to be studied. In this regard, in order to revive the main elements of the material and spiritual culture of the town of Syganak, to deepen information about economic and socio-cultural ties between the prominent cities of the Kazakh Khanate along the Great Silk Road. As part of the program, we decided to conduct archeological research in the citadel part of the town of Syganak and put it into scientific circulation. The article focuses on the history of the study of the town of Syganak and the results of archeological research in the town in 2021, the importance of the settlement under the Kazakh Khanate and the peculiarities of housing in the XVIII-XIXcenturies.