Low voltage ride-through of wind turbine based on interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generators sensorless vector controlled

Abstract

The importance of Wind Turbines based on Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generators (PMSG) has been increasing over the last years due to, fundamentally, its high efficiency. Fulfilling low voltage ride-through (LVRT) requirements is mandatory to guarantee the stability of the power systems under voltage dips, especially, in scenarios with high penetration of wind energy like Spain, Denmark, Germany, etc. This paper is focused on satisfying LVRT restrictions controlling both active and reactive powers delivered to the grid according to the more relevant grid codes. To achieve these requirements, this work proposes a method where kinetic energy storage in the turbine blades is carried out. DC active crowbar (braking chopper) is added in the converter, and, lastly, pitch angle control is used under long voltage dips. A control scheme, which emphasizes the regulation of the DC-link voltage, is designed and simulated in a Wind Turbine (WT) based on PMSG of 1MW with sensorless control.