Características clínico-epidemiológicas de las pacientes con diagnóstico de Cáncer de Mama en el Hospital de Especialidades José Carrasco Arteaga, 2014-2018.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Past and ongoing research on breast cancer has enormous implications for improving clinical outcomes. Considering that breast cancer is a pathology that ranks first among neoplasms, both worldwide and in our environment, we conducted this study to learn about the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients diagnosed with breast cancer treated at the Oncology Unit of Hospital de Especialidades José Carrasco Arteaga Specialties (HEJCA). METHODS: Observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study. We included 308 clinical records of patients diagnosed by histology and treated for breast carcinoma at the Oncology Unit of Hospital de Especialidades José Carrasco Arteaga from 2014 to 2018. The variables included in the study were: year of diagnosis, age, origin, residence, BMI, contraceptive use, histological subtype, immunohistochemical subtype, clinical stage, surgical treatment and mortality (with a 3-year follow-up). The results are presented in tables and graphs with frequencies and percentages. RESULTS: The study population included 308 patients with an age range from 25 to 93 years. The mean age at diagnosis was 55.79±12.61; 42.2% of the population was overweight; the most frequent histological diagnosis was infiltrating ductal carcinoma, in 82.1% of the population; the most common molecular subtype was luminal B subtype (49.4%); clinical stage IIA was the most frequent at diagnosis with 36%; radical mastectomy was the most frequent surgical approach (53.2% of the cases). CONCLUSION: Breast cancer occurred most frequently in the fifth decade of life, the average age at diagnosis was 55.79 ± 12.61 years. The most frequently diagnosed histological subtype was infiltrating ductal carcinoma and the Luminal B molecular subtype was the most common. Most patients were diagnosed at clinical stage IIA. Radical mastectomy was the most frequently performed surgical approach (53.2% of patients).